Searching for information on frontier conflict in old newspapers (film or hard copy) was the proverbial "needle in a haystack" task - time consuming and exhausting with few . [14], Conflict with the Kurnai was not restricted to the Europeans. Gardners cover-up conspiracy theory thus rests on an obvious misrepresentation of Hatchers account. The Gippslander story consists of just over a page; within it there is a myriad of minor details that are contradicted by the contemporary newspaper reports. Howitt noted that the Kurnai killed by the Europeans were mostly, though not all, fighting men of the tribe. However, he has not included a much earlier reference to the massacre. 5|ya"R=:(O)Y?vM=u(f!ygaR@Dfx*qVhCqE
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FyELe_`GGWy&2SpKeQPZY4)OEe People need to feel that their voices and stories are heard and we need to listen with humility because theres not just emotional hurt there, but also terrible physical pain, Irving says. According to Gardner, the Warrigal Creek massacre was revenge for his murder. His body was mutilated and stripped, and it was found the next day by an Aboriginal boy in his employment. 0000001456 00000 n
lizabeth Balderstone leads a lifestyle that many city dwellers fantasise about, on a farm in Victorias Gippsland, surrounded by friendly sheep, with a humble little creek just 60 metres from her house. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> Launch date: Wednesday 4 AprilStratford Courthouse TheatreFree entry but bookings essentialRegister via Eventbrite http://bit.ly/2sTmWsCAbout the filmWhen An. It is free to attend this event, but bookings are essential. An unexpected error occurred. We acknowledge the Traditional Custodians of the land on which we meet and work. Beyond this, the subject needs a complete reassessment and the instilling of some academic rigour. The Warrigal Creek Massacre is a 50-minute documentary, a passion project produced on a shoe-string budget, which looks unflinchingly at a horrifying episode of Victorian history - one of the worst acts of indiscriminate killing of Indigenous Australians in the early colonies. The Geelong Advertiser reported the murder: It is reported that Mr. McAllister was decoyed from his station by a party of blacks on pretext of having found a flock of sheep that had been missing, and that having got him to a spot favourable for their murderous purpose, they set upon him with their waddies, and despatched him under circumstances of the utmost barbarity.[20]. [23] Inwards correspondence Tyers to La Trobe 44/1367 p.5 PROV, [24] Port Phillip Gazette 21 May 1842, p.3, [25] Tyers to La Trobe Inwards Correspondence 45/324 PROV, [27] Tyers to La Trobe Inwards Correspondence 46/219 PROV, [28] Tyers to La Trobe Inwards Correspondence 44/2112, PROV; Port Phillip Patriot 12 August 1839, p.4, [29] Tyers to La Trobe Inwards Correspondence 44/1367, p.4, PROV, [30] Port Phillip Patriot 12 August 1839, p.4, [31] Gardner, P. D. (1994) Through Foreign Eyes, Ngarak Press, Ensay, p.45, [32]Gardner (1993) p.58; (1990) Our Murdering Founding Father, 2nd Edition, Ngarak Press, p.28, [33] The Guardian 6 March 2019; 8 March 2019; Gippsland Times 16 June 2020, [34] Gardner (1993) pp 6-7; (2015) Some Random Notes on Massacres 2000-2015 (on-line essay). If you would like to participate, visit the project page. 29 May 2018. Gardner claims it is a secondary source but it is, at best, folk history that he has embroidered with his own fiction about McMillan. According to Dunderdale, Donald Macalister fired at some Kurnai without any provocation. At the end of 1845, Tyers wrote a follow-up report stating: since the return of the Native Police to Head Quarters the depredations of the Aborigines of the District on the property of the Settlers, including horses as well as horned stock, have increased to an alarming extentand that I cannot at present suggest any other means of prevention, than the continuing service of the Native Police.[27]. Many of the stock keepers were ticket-of-leave holders or assigned convict servants. Originally reported by Robinson as such, Gardner has interpreted an obscure comment by Robinson to argue that it was actually a massacre by settlers that Robinson was covering up. To secure your seat go to. 0001064309 00000 n
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[16] The Port Phillip Gazette reported in April 1845: A report has been current that a whole tribe of blacks has been extirpated in the Gipps Land country, by the Western Port or Port Phillip blacks, led on by several of the Mounted Black Police; we understand that an investigation is now going on, and we may add it is one of the most extraordinary affairs we have yet heard about. These stories contain the earliest known account of a massacre as revenge for the death of Macalister. Macalisters letter to the Sydney Morning Herald in 1843 and a search of Trove and the PROV websites reveal that this statement is incorrect. Events.com has to offer. endobj Produced and directed by Andrew Dodd and Lisa Gye. Around 60 Indigenous Australians were killed, and many more were wounded. Chapters 6 and 7 of Gippsland Massacres retell the story. The area of Nuntin is on the western side of the Avon and was shown in a survey map of 1857. [43] The fallacy of this secrecy argument is that it is contradicted by Gardners own evidence from William Thomas from 1845 and other versions of the massacre story that pre-date Gippslander by more than fifty years (see below). Perhaps the most apt way to name these outrageous and brutal occurrences is that they be called after the man who organised and perpetrated them: Angus McMillan. 0000024533 00000 n
One man was killed with thirteen spears, his body was mutilated, and his arms and legs were removedthe Kurnai were cannibals. During this time he collected information for stories that were published in the magazine Austral Light. They did not find any Bunurong so they ransacked a squatters station instead. The manager of the Krowathunkooloong keeping place in Bairnsdale, Rob Hudson, agrees. e8
m-T>6R'WrqPWUVe)0'Yn1UF]2|SOWS)^h|6xy. [56] These accounts nonetheless provide evidence of the otherwise unrecorded conflict between the Europeans and the Kurnai at places such as Bruthen Creek. The Warrigal Creek Massacre | About the film When Angus McMillian and the Highland Brigade rode through Gippsland in 1843, they aimed to murder as many Gunai Kurnai children, women and men as they could. 0000021061 00000 n
qgAHrgAX8]eAVi a"0Uc|sQ d$uIOrE&n2"c,%$qHFWpTWn>!bB):I\PhE17 The Chief Protector of Aborigines, George Augustus Robinson (right), noted that the settlers were not the only ones to suffer from the convicts: There is however reason to fear that before the arrival of the Commissioner a large amount of mischief had been inflicted upon the original Inhabitants by the lawless and depraved who had infested the port from Van Diemens Land and the Middle Districts [present-day New South Wales] and that the instance recorded (if reports be true) is not the only one in which the Blacks have suffered. a federal electorate was renamed that year. The newspapers indicate that the murder was not an isolated event and occurred within a wider context of anarchy and violence involving the Kurnai and the convicts. Warrigal Creek Massacre: A Truth-telling Documentary. 4 0 obj The arrival of the Europeans changed the dynamics of this conflict with the introduction of firearms and the formation of the Native Police. One was a boy at the time about 12 or 14 years old. Sell more tickets through digital marketing. ?6m-^a_DD/UJ[ But that creek, Warrigal, has seen unimaginable horrors. [32] Gardners work has been influential and generally unquestioned. Massacre [ edit] The other forty-six convicts were employed on the squatting runs. Use your same username and password to log in and you'll be He was shot through the foot and was so injured that he was called Club Foot.[39]. Balderstones daughter Alice Irving calls the site a powerful place. )A?8yo]gNV2nj}cR2|#~M
>A$M#~A^EQ ~Q{?pO0!&S7),}w4Wf+(L1Qd (wL~MdP{"&r'|2b7##lQ$*GJA]a8[B&DKv-vk@,#dD B79 j2zKD#,mgF(3dz_5W^LaJhs/QwFrqP{q[U}d This documentary was made by university journalism students and staff. In the spirit of this year's NAIDOC theme Voice.Treaty.Truth., Knox City Council and the Local Aboriginal Network are proud to present a screening of The. External Lived Experience Employment Opportunities, Complete the VMIAC Conference 2023 Survey, CEO Update with Craig Wallace | 17.02.2023, New Consumer Register Opportunity: Access Policy & Triage Guidelines, CEO Update with Craig Wallace | 03.02.2023, CEO Update with Craig Wallace | 20.01.2023. A trip to Gipps Land in April 1843 The Courier 23 June 1843, p.4, [8] Caldow, W (2012) Gippsland and the Van Diemens Land Livestock Trade: The Log of the Dew Drop 1847-49, The Great Circle, Vol 34, No. Nonetheless, it demonstrates that the early settlement of Gippsland was marked by violence involving the Kurnai, the settlers and convicts. Balderstone and Irving hope that one day Australia fully recognises the extent of the massacres through a truth and reconciliation commission. And when Gippsland comes to terms with what happened, and why it happened, theres an opportunity to talk much better about that history.. Home News Warrigal Creek doco at the Memo. Their prior absence from the discourse may indicate the level of research in this area. A Mr. Nelsons house was also attacked a few days before, and the blacks, after wounding a man in his employ, decamped with several articles of his property.[19]. new domain, Events.com. This was the cause of great enmity among the surviving Bunurong. An independent expedition from Melbourne to Corner Inlet in the barque Singapore in the same year led to the discovery of the mouths of the Albert and Tarra rivers. When Angus McMillian and the Highland Brigade rode through Gippsland in 1843, they aimed to murder as many Gunai Kurnai children, women and men as they could. stream Warrigal Creek is the site of an 1843 massacre in of Gunai/Kurnai people in colonial Victoria, during the Australian frontier wars. Emotional articles in the Guardian in 2019 parroted the denunciation of McMillan, as did the Gippsland Times in June 2020. This land was never ceded. You can still browse your favorite events on our Those who came in chains, those who fled famine, those who fled or survived genocide and war and its consequences. They were feared by their tribal enemies for their ability to attack at nighta skill the Europeans were to encounter.[5]. Facebook. A European convicted of cattle stealing in the Port Phillip District faced the penalty of transportation for fifteen years; in Van Diemens Land, it was for life.[24]. In the latter, there is no mention of McMillan at all, the death toll is different (many escaped into the bush), and there is no Bing Eye or Club Footwhich may suggest editorial licence in the original version. 0000024560 00000 n
A Scottish colonist, called Angus McMillan, led a group of about 20 settlers who . stream [35] This simplistic reductionism obscures the complexity of Gippslands early history, evident in his rejection of Robinsons observations on the escaped convicts. 0000888069 00000 n
Fawkner blamed them for most of the conflict between the Europeans and the Aborigines. Our history group (Morwell U3A) are having trouble trying to track this documentary down. Convicts were entitled to a daily ration of fresh meat, as were the military and the civilian authorities. ktp33#`r[vhJ hR,t%434qrZQ7z [17], This story was repeated in several of the colonial newspapers but there does not seem to have been any follow-up reports. Because to move forward we must acknowledge our past. 6 0 obj [9], With an overland route opened by McMillan and a rudimentary settlement and port established on the Albert River at Port Albert, squatters began occupying the plains; by the end of 1844, the entire Gippsland squatting district had been occupied. In July 1843, up to 150 Gunaikurnai people were killed near the banks of what is now known as Warrigal Creek. << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /ColorSpace << /Cs1 7 0 R He was hit in the eye by a slug, captured by the whites, and made to lead the 'brigade' from one camp to another.". endobj
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2020, Cnr. Establishing this will entail the evaluation of all historical themes and not rejecting or ignoring evidence because it does not fit a preconceived narrative. 1 0 obj
We acknowledge that in our past, as in most nations, bad things have happened. This raises the inevitable question of whether the massacre story, based on Gardners interpretation, should be seen as historical fact or an apocryphal tale. Light refreshments will be available. 0000115969 00000 n
The Warrigal Creek Massacre: True Story or Apocryphal? [2] His work has indeed permeated academic and public discourse, but it contains many unproven assertions that undermine his main premise, that McMillan was responsible for the massacre. 0000011274 00000 n
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[6] It's an atrocity which historians found fitting the criteria of 'genocidal massacre.' [3] 0000003041 00000 n
Following the murder, Lachlan Macalister wrote a letter to Governor Sir George Gipps via the Sydney Morning Herald in which he implicated the governor for the state of anarchy in Gippsland due to the lack of official protection. It was made to better understand our country's true history. I have seen somewhere that this version of the. [40] Gippslander (1925) Experiences with Gippsland blacks, The Gap, Education Department, Bairnsdale Inspectorate, Omeo, pp 5-6. They say they want to tell the story widely, and take down the monuments to McMillan the butcher of Gippsland. In other parts of the District, prior to my arrival, they had occasionally come into collision with the Settlersthe consequence of which was the murder of four shepherdsand as far as I can learn without any provocationthey have also committed, and are still committing, many depredations on the stock of the Settlerswhich from the nature of the country, and the known fact of their carrying on their depredations at night, it is difficult to prevent. Gardner concludes that McMillan's group initially killed two family groups at Warrigal Creek waterhole and then a few days later killed another 60 people at the mouth of Warrigal Creek, then killing three other groups at Freshwater Creek, Gammon Creek, and Red Hill. He added that one of the Kurnai involved in the murder survived and often re-enacted his part in the ambush. xref
There were further reports of violence involving the Kurnai in April 1844 when the Sydney Morning Herald printed a letter from a Gippsland squatter: The blacks are still continuing their outragesburning huts, robbing peoples gardens, and slaughtering cattle by wholesale. Coincidentally or not, the Australasian newspaper published stories between 1923 and 1925 with a one-eyed Aboriginal character named Bing-eye; the term club foot was ubiquitous. [58] Apart from the perverse logic of this claim, it is factually incorrect. To implicate McMillan, Gardner imputed words and meaning into this story that are simply not there, rendering his narrative both perplexing and questionable. from Events.com Browse is curated to help you find and attend events you love. Like Dunderdale and Thomas, he did not mention a mythical Highland Brigade and he was clearly not constrained by Gardners imaginary secrecy. Convicts were present in the early years of settlement in Gippsland in two very different ways: first, as the slave labour of the squatters, and second, as escapees congregated around Alberton. 0000034566 00000 n
Just before European settlement, the Kurnai raided as far as Brighton and Arthurs Seat on Port Phillip Baya distance of at least 120 kilometres as the crow fliesand they are believed to have wiped out about half of the Bunurong. x]xG)mIq$hpwwR+VKqPMps^63.ffv>Y
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])[UJT+Wd41 Still from the Warrigal Creek Documentary produced by Swinburne University Introduction On 30 December 2020 Quadrant published an article entitled "The Warrigal Creek Massacre: True Story or Apocryphal?" by Wayne Caldow1, which was a general attack on my work and in particular on the Warrigal Creek massacre. 'Conspiracy of silence': how sabotaged inquiries fed massacre denials, Telling the truth about Australia's past will be painful but it will be liberating | Karen Mundine and Richard Weston, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. I welcome you all to (insert place name). Balderstones home was built 20 years after the massacre which happened just steps from the front door. The La Trobe Journal, 86, 23-36. Its part of our life and its not that I dont stop and think about it. NAIDOC Week 2019. 0000118101 00000 n
[45] Hoddinotts tale thus appears to contain generic elements from the period. However, the region was isolated from the rest of New South Wales by mountains, rivers, forests, swamps and the fierce reputation of the Kurnai. No reason was given for the murder. Film Screening The Warrigal Creek Massacre This country has a hidden history that is not widely acknowledged. For them to do that and come up with a shared name was a major achievement. The blacks were found encamped near a waterhole at Gammon Creek, and those who were shot were thrown into it, to the number, it was said, of about sixty, men, women, and children; but this was probably an exaggeration.[57]. I sometimes feel scared that there seems to be such an ugly resistance to understanding our past, she says. stream
At a quiet bend on a beautiful creek they committed one of the worst acts of indiscriminate killing in the Australian colonies. We were hearing the stories all the time, especially when we were near the places or going past somewhere, my mum would always say, Over that way. Shed point the finger and say, Dont go that way. Thu The question posed at the start of this article was whether Gardners Warrigal Creek massacre story should be seen as historical fact or an apocryphal tale. 0000002765 00000 n
In 1845, Tyers reported on the Aborigines, stating: In the early part of 1843as I have been informed, some of the Corner Inlet tribe were occasionally employed by the few Settlers at Port Albert in carrying fire wood and in other light work for which they generally received payment in flour & cbut since the unprovoked murder of Mr Ronald Macalister by them at Port Albert, about that time, they have not been seen in the neighbourhood. MAR Gardners evidence for Angus McMillans involvement in the Warrigal Creek massacre consists of a story written for The Gap school magazine in 1925 by William Hoddinott under the pseudonym of Gippslander. Drawing on official archives and oral histories that have never died, this is the story of The Warrigal Creek Massacre. <<6C2049F009130640B9B98E7F057F832E>]/Prev 1164416/XRefStm 1766>>
Welcome to you all., Read Quadrant online or as a printed magazine Starting at $88.00 a year. We are here to help! Gunaikurnai people continue to visit the land to pay their respects. 2, pp.20-21, [9] Cox, Kenneth (1973) Angus McMillan: Pathfinder, Published by the author. This article has been rated as Stub-Class on the project's quality scale. Considering that Gardner has political motives and a disdain for objectivity, his work should perhaps be seen as a political campaign rather than as history. The region had descended rapidly into crime and violence in the absence of any government authority. , bad things have happened Gardners imaginary secrecy which happened just steps from the may. Magazine Austral Light project page extent of the Massacres through a truth and reconciliation commission establishing this will entail evaluation... Hatchers account was built 20 years after the massacre which happened just steps from the period the author a of... 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