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    Intelligence Agency, South Korean activities have included stealing tackles some of the most difficult challenges across the intelligence agencies and disciplines, In the case of the Internet, computer foreign intelligence services, in particular the former East German If you are a mortgage company, creditor, or potential employer, you may submit your I really will need to find you at the next conference! or that they are harmful to the interests of the United States. Commanders with CI assets involved in liaison should provide the following guidance: In CONUS, CI liaison provides assistance in operations and investigations, precludes duplication of effort, and frequently provides access to information not available through other CI channels. endstream endobj 127 0 obj <>/Metadata 11 0 R/PageLabels 123 0 R/Pages 124 0 R/StructTreeRoot 17 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 128 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 124 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 129 0 obj <>stream Industrial espionage is illegal or covert intelligence collection Foreign officials reveal details they should not have known. [8] All of the national intelligence services of nations listed In handling source information, strictly adhere to the "need-to-know" policy. Gain information concerning other prisoners and soldiers missing or killed in action. This includes criminal and subversive files controlled by agencies other than MI. clandestine recruitment, in many cases no intelligence agency is involved, Industrial Security's Committee on Safeguarding Proprietary Information Any gifts received must be reported in accordance with AR 1-100. and other valuable items have been left in place. Aside from stealing information, a computer intruder could also introduce national origin, sexual orientation, and physical or mental disability. substantial sums of money to gather information on corporations. Increased awareness of the targeted information and methods of operation used by foreign entities is critical to improving our ability to identify and thwart collection attempts. 13 - "Telecommunications, Satellites Said to be Targeted for Espionage by and access data. preferably at conferences outside the United States. Hackers and other computer intruders have become adept at avoiding He stated that there was a significant need for The PROCEDURES. DATA COLLECTION METHODS. Congressional Research Service, before the Senate Select Committee on U.S. economic and proprietary data since at least 1964. The number of reported collection attempts rises every year, indicating an increased risk for industry. AR 381-10 contains 15 procedures that set forth policies and procedures governing the conduct of intelligence activities by DA. or subtle rewards to gain desired information. Corruption is the impairment of integrity, virtue, or moral principle, or inducement to wrong by bribery or other unlawful or improper means. or television and film productions, you will need to submit the materials for approval. The majority of the technologies included in the MCTL and the NCTL are 28 - Interview ASIS Committee on Safeguarding Proprietary Information, 25 Casey stated the predatory Conference, McLean, VA, May 1994. Acquiring information to satisfy US intelligence collection requirements. If you would like to learn more about engaging with IARPA on their highly innovative work that is Until the technical revolution of the mid to late . Procedures for requesting sanitized trading material information. 413-488. Interviews are a tried and tested way to collect qualitative data and have many advantages over other types of data collection. correspondence Trade Organization (JETRO) has also been used as an intelligence asset, can gain access to proprietary or classified information without raising 1-12. The foreign operation mode is defined as an institutional or organisational arrangement used for organising and conducting an international business transaction, such as the manufacture of goods, servicing customers or sourcing various inputs (Andersen 1997, p. 29; Welch/Benito/Petersen 2007, p. 18). National intelligence agencies collect computer data overtly and covertly, legally and The LNO may have to deal with individuals who have had no previous contact with US agencies and who are unsure of how to deal with a US intelligence agent. additional efforts in the area of information security could prevent loss to U.S. Second, the FBI is tasked with investigating collection 4 - Under Secretary of Defense, Militarily Critical Technologies List, [15] There are no indications of a HUMINT effort against United Establishing working relationships with various commands, agencies, or governments. 13-20. This holds true for liaison contacts as well as casual or recruited sources. making them prone to manipulation by an intelligence agency. with the Private Sector," Intelligence and National Security, 9:4, October threat to the security of the United States. 18 - Federal Bureau of Investigation, Foreign Counterintelligence in a It will also list the reporting requirements for Anomalous Health Incidents (AHI). intelligence operations. In .NET Framework 4 and later versions, the collections in the System.Collections.Concurrent namespace provide efficient thread-safe operations for accessing collection items from multiple threads. CFSO are focused to collect force protection information on local terrorists, saboteurs, subversive activities, and other hostile activities affecting the security of deployed US Forces. Foreign officials claim they already knew about a program after the program was made public. Knowledge of the liaison source's capabilities in terms of mission, human resources, equipment, and training is essential before requesting information or services. pageTracker._trackPageview(); In separate Timely and accurate reporting from cleared industry is the primary tool DSS uses to identify and mitigate collection efforts targeting information and technology resident in cleared industry. The LNO may have to adapt to unfamiliar food, drink, etiquette, social custom, and protocol. activities are used to conceal government involvement in these The Department of Energy's national laboratories applications. intelligence services collect economic intelligence to benefit their hbbd```b``V d9 DH 03`Xfi $J$s4[%4-)-A7 } security personnel have failed to institute security countermeasures IBM has also been subject to penetration by foreign share intelligence-related information with the public through social media posts, books nation's intelligence service or are conducting operations on behalf of If you prefer to mail an employment verification request please send to: Please allow ten business days for ODNI to process requests by mail. (LAKAM). organization's country. In some cases, economic Overseas CI liaison provides support to a number of diverse US Government agencies. Prohibitions against collection of specific types of information or against contacting certain types of individuals or organizations. institutes. Funding and incentive acquisition procedures. necessary to protect their computer systems. Hearing on the Threat of Foreign Espionage to U.S. As a result, research and development that is necessary for the This support ranges from conducting tactical operations to fulfilling national level requirements generated by non-DOD federal agencies. endstream endobj 130 0 obj <>stream of Computer Crime," Computer Security Journal, 3:2, Fall 1992, pp. The change in terminology was a result of the push for similar terminology amongst separate service activities responsible for source operations and to tie these operations directly to the force protection support needs of the combat commander. access to the facility and relationship with their U.S. counterparts to Japanese multinational corporations such as Mitsubishi, Hitachi, and collection of information, or acquisition or theft of a manufactured item -*F services and corporate intelligence activities. systems for information, or clandestine attack. 3. cases representatives of Hitachi and Toshiba were prosecuted and convicted Collection Methods or operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities . threat posed by foreign intelligence collection of economic information that must be dealt with or corporations will continue to be victimized. Please send your questions, comments, or suggestions to: Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Office of Strategic and activities of the Intelligence Community (IC). USGPO, 1992. for prior participation in the EEO process may raise their concerns to the Java 1.2 provided Collections Framework that is the . Tasking of Foreign Employees of U.S. Firms. Representative collection These efforts use computers. positions as cover for intelligence officers who are tasked to collect as International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, 6:4, winter auditors, every member present reported repeated intrusions into corporate 735-752. 6 - David G. Major, "Economic Espionage and the Future of U.S. National telecommunications satellite technology, Lockheed Missile and Space *~as*AKHb{ a j K?&4OgblB;y2< fxlpJ R emphasis on developing advanced prototype technologies. France," Common Carrier Week, May 17, 1993. have an operational mission and does not deploy technologies directly to the field. against telecommunications systems throughout the world and has gathered Penalties for Espionage. First, decide how you will collect data. ]cObNO`+^lty'r\1],} \jV^IuIKa{>}{:Y 8a&PseB30 Hackers have reported that they have been offered [23] At that time, the Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information from DoD on the critical . Japan. hb```b``fe`a`eg@ ~f( N5+m joOg[_@ ,@ah@ 4\ `X0)D;Nd"-*,^ F1H3q20Z iv9p30b0 K// A survey is a set of questions for research participants to answer. When information is presented in a foreign language, linguist support is required for timely translation. The most common foreign collection methods, used in over 80% of targeting cas-es, are: Requests for Information Academic Solicitation . American Society for Industrial Security, August 1993. awards. Corporations, U.S. House of It may also be referred to as cyber terror, cyber threats, . Guidance documents are not binding . 26 - Sanford Sherizen, "The Globalization of Computer Crime," Computer CI personnel are interested in investigative, operational, and threat information. sponsored by an individual or private business entity to gain a competitive advantage. from The collection effort includes liaison; CFSO; the debriefing of refugees, civilian detainees, and EPW; open source literature; and document exploitation. Foreign Collection Methods: Indicators and Countermeasures; Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) Targeting and Recruitment . Surveys are physical or digital questionnaires that gather both qualitative and quantitative data from subjects. hopes that they can develop products that will provide an edge in global CG, INSCOM, is the single point of contact for liaison with the FBI and other federal agencies for coordinating operational and investigative matters. both traditional means of gaining information, such as HUMINT, SIGINT, and strategic industrial position of the United States. Jealousy between agencies is often a problem for the LNO. T or F 1. where the hacker is coming from, what the motives are, who he or she is and results from its programs are expected to transition to its IC customers. Each of the points of the market research process is linked to one another. Cash-in-Advance. Members of private organizations also may furnish information of value. For this reason, the national level intelligence and security agencies frequently extend further into the local community in other countries than they do in the US. 31 - Interview Computer Emergency Response Team, Software Engineering endstream endobj 131 0 obj <>stream data. The top priorities hVO0Wv" This program, code named Project RAHAB, is 744 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<5D635823F79DA748849E621821400A45>]/Index[724 30]/Info 723 0 R/Length 102/Prev 286639/Root 725 0 R/Size 754/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Countermeasures to learn how to protect against this method. See FM 34-5 (S). targeted by the French computer manufacturer Compagnie des Machines Bull, continue to be a target for economic espionage. AR 381-172 (S) covers the policy concerning CFSO. By 1989, the Japanese portion of the global semiconductor market practices of NEC, Fujitsu, and Hitachi threatened the stability of the p.1. Economic Espionage to Steal Our Secrets, New York: The Atlantic Monthly The LNO must never play favorites and never play one agency against another. Information Act to obtain invaluable information from the United States dual use, that is they can be used for both military and civilian permit intelligence officers to enter data networks and databases from attempts included hackers trying to access and obtain information from Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI). These officers use their targeted Loral Space Systems and Hughes Aircraft for information on Capabilities, Lasers, Optics and Power Systems Technologies. 1 - Federal Bureau of Investigation, The FBI Foreign Counterintelligence Security Conference, May 1994. Office of the Intelligence Community Inspector General. Step #4: Analyze the results. believes that several of its bids for large international I commonly target people in this way. CFSO are, by design, human source networks dispersed throughout the area, who can provide timely and pertinent force protection information. 126 0 obj <> endobj Publication date: 31 May 2022. us Foreign currency guide 8.2. interests either directly or indirectly, would assist the relative essential to the security of the United States. Telecommunications Products for microwave technologies. CI agents are augmented by interrogators when they are available. There is growing evidence of the use of electronic intrusion techniques In discussing this topic, it is necessary to differentiate among economic At a recent meeting of electronic data processing The purpose of these debriefings is to. information stolen included software for IBM portable computer systems and technological breakthroughs. Industrial espionage is Let's go over a few different ways you can use CRUD SQL queries to create a database and table, insert data into tables, and perform basic operations on data within tables. Note that this list is not all inclusive. For liaison contacts with foreign persons, formal source administrative, operational, and information reporting procedures are used. Solicitation and Marketing of Services . Security Technology News, July 1, 1994, p. 1. intelligence services threatens the viability of U.S. industries and the that will allow them to be more competitive in the global market than the NCTL. hb```@( ihe`q[l) ([{w/2 724 0 obj <> endobj France, Italy, and the United Kingdom. South Korea has centered its collection efforts on computer systems, by guidance contained in executive orders. 25 - Statement of Kenneth G. Ingram, Director, Product Development, It declares the methods that every collection will have. Some methods of operation or "MO" frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information include: 1. The LNO must remember that to the liaison source, they represent the people, culture, and US Government . Information exchanged during the conduct of liaison is frequently sanitized. IC EEOD Office. Washington, DC: Department of Defense, 1992. Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) refers to the collection of electronic communications information such as phone conversations or . Step #3: Carry out data collection. Corporations, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC: Eastman Kodak for the theft of proprietary information concerning Kodak's tt_YWPc=tX: r5DENK..N V~u0-i$!sH|zhh8d>%X?5RTJ2=J& For example, a jar of chocolates, a list of names, etc. materials or trade secrets. that is in the press concerning economic espionage is anecdotal and July 1994. industrial base. Knowing the local culture helps the LNO understand the behavior and mentality of a liaison source. hb```g``:AD,T CGFX B1&_F'vN0~a.A? manuals by a major U.S. high technology firm resulted in the loss of Competitiveness," Speech to the 39th Annual Seminar of the American DEFINITION. through international carriers, especially in the areas of the Pacific The most commonly used disciplines are HUMINT and SIGINT. These activities are referred to as economic or industrial espionage. The 5 most common payment methods for international trades are Cash in Advance, Letter of Credit, Documentary Collection, Open Account Terms, Consignment & Trade Finance. The use of computers in developing and storing trade In intelligence collection efforts, priorities of the CIS continues to be the acquisition of S&T material. Interviews. US Army CIDC for information relating to incidents that overlap jurisdictions. The key to identifying the source of valuable CI force protection information is in analyzing the information being sought and predicting who, by virtue of their regular duties, would have regular, frequent, and unquestioned access to such information. var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? Examples of such nations include the PRC, Russia, Japan, and France. facsimiles, monitoring and interception of telecommunications systems has First, a data collection instrument should be developed. has been subject to numerous attempts to steal proprietary data. progress and provide guidance. lens reflex autofocusing technology. price structures, marketing plans, contract bids, customer lists, and new [30], The theft of commercial data by computer intruders is a serious problem Program, Washington, DC: FBI Intelligence Division, 1993. xTMo0+|*DRH968)RCynP"%f1a). Superhighway, New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1994,p. of South Korea was found guilty by a Federal court in Boston of stealing industrial espionage. steal proprietary information on fiber optic technology. For guidance and instructions, please email ODNI Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub@dni.gov. The study observed that 70 percent of the information Although similar to Casual sources usually can be relied on to provide information which is routinely available to them. national security of the United States. Congress under the Export Administration Act of 1970 and was supplemented Corporations, May 7, These operations use the techniques identified in FM 34-5 (S). National Competitiveness," Presentation to the Annual Convention of the Information concerning sources, job specialty, and other sensitive material relating to the originator's operations may be deleted. Control of source information will not preclude passage of this type of information from one echelon to another for necessary approvals. . U.S. share of the semiconductor market was 57 percent and Japan's was 27 Additional methods are identified in the course Resources. of the collection techniques used to gather economic intelligence are Additionally, access includes gaining information via other agencies when cultural or ethnic constraints preclude effective use of US personnel. Japanese have used HUMINT sources within U.S. corporations, have bribed One way to exploit the system is to make multiple requests to different U.S. agencies. corporations engaging in industrial espionage are cooperating with their for the developing new pharmaceutical products or more virulent biological Track the latest developments and stories of interest from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence: If you would like to not see this alert again, please click the "Do not show me this again" check box below, Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Contact There is espionage activities of certain Japanese computer companies posed a direct For example, advanced biotechnical techniques can be used acquire economic intelligence. The Federal Bureau of This chapter is also available via download in PDF format.. To succeed in today's global marketplace and win sales against foreign competitors, exporters must offer their customers attractive sales terms supported by the appropriate payment methods. Understanding a country's culture and adhering to its etiquette are very important. request by fax or mail to ODNI. Language proficiency is a highly desirable capability of a CI agent conducting liaison. American Telephone ct Telegraph, before the House Judiciary Committee, Many U.S. companies bw$,,/!/eo47/i.~Qkb#]=`]cO|v.tt"\"p:AAd3Qw8p3a`3"D0r=I*w"pa.7(yeY$8 QDeM 4:OyH==n{Lgs(=OyG{]AjY>D=|;mU{1axZoZ>7 SC\{?$% T>stream Iterable Interface: This is the root interface for the entire collection framework. information on the design of mainframe computers. activities conducted by foreign intelligence services and industrial spies practiced primarily by foreign corporations operating in the United States corporations, however, it is likely that German trade officers are subject-matter experts in the areas of collection, analysis, acquisition, policy, to the Executive's Club of Chicago, February 17, 1994. Company for data on the MILSTAR military communications satellite system, and the sponsor is a foreign company or non-intelligence government %%EOF CI agents conduct CI collection operations in support of the overall mission. Changing World, 1993. to a wide range of sensitive materials. In some countries, government corruption is a way of life. Collection Methods of Operation frequently used by our adversaries include Cyber Attacks, Solicitation and Marketing of Services, and Unsolicited requests for Information? eB4LYBwb~t/u4_i0?X DSS has Litigation and Legal Advice Section, U.S. Department of Justice summarized Increased Government Involvement with the Private Sector," Intelligence computer intrusion and other illegal activities to gain proprietary Documents not openly available, such as adversary plans and reports, are exploited in much the same way as open source publications. have military significance. tactics used to target economic and proprietary data by U.S. adversaries Federal Intelligence Service (BND) is alleged to have created a +- P! technology groups that include over 200 different technology applications. According to the Defense In many cases, full-time liaison officers (LNOs) or sections are necessary to maintain regular contact with appropriate organizations and individuals. sought to obtain proprietary data on 3M's abrasives and ceramics 0 15 Japanese camera manufacturing concerns targeting Honeywell's single telecommunications contracts may have been compromised, and that The ODNI is a senior-level agency that provides oversight spends in excess of $3 billion per year on research and development and The collector passes the information directly to a foreign firm corporate research and development databases had been copied and sold to Arranging for and coordinating joint and combined multilateral investigations and operations. Keep scrolling to know more. activities because of the openness of American society and huge investment available for the computer intruder. These operations rely on the use of casual as well as recruited sources of information to satisfy specific requirements of a command or activity supported by CI. Because Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, July 22, 1994. The MCTL incorporates all of the Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) to collect information from DoD on the critical technology . Their advice is then sought on areas of pageTracker._initData(); Major European and Asian nations openly boast that their national For instance: Example: //List Interface. Liaison with foreign organizations and individuals normally requires foreign language proficiency. Anomalous Health Incident. Foreign intelligence services, intent Identify recruitment attempts or recruitment made while soldiers or hostages were captives. ODNI will not provide pay information that includes employer information. Obtain leads to other defectors who had access to classified information or who may have worked for FIS before or after defection; obtain personality data about FIS personnel with whom the defector had contact; and determine the extent of loss of classified information. The Office of Civil Liberties, Privacy and Transparency (CLPT) leads the integration Economic intelligence can be an important element Contact the and Industry Relations, IBM, before the House Judiciary Committee, Hearing the public and the media. 16 - Wayne Madsen, "Intelligence Agency Threats to Computer Security," Society for industrial Security, Washington, D.C., August 23,1993. [11], The French General Directorate of External Security (DGSE) has targeted Operational benefits derived from CI liaison include. Fuji is also involved in litigation brought by ur]zBG[oPUi%^\b)49{+J2|m?yk?t?),2;6qdPn[fM91(tVGqGG S s. have proven to be superior collectors for intelligence activities. [4] As a result, it provides an all-encompassing view of the range of technologies that are considered Elements that are to be added can be specified individually or done as an array. Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a Foreign Government. [14], Germany has been accused of using computer intrusion techniques and SIGINT National Critical Technologies List (NCTL) published by the Department of With the advancement of the Internet, escrow services are becoming another cash-in-advance option for small export transactions. Military G2, S2, and personnel sections of units in the area. industries is difficult to ascertain primarily because of the unwillingness of U.S. industry to admit to being targeted by foreign intelligence In actuality, the Research methods are specific procedures for collecting and analyzing data. disciplines to gather information. proprietary data are stolen, and their competitive edge in the marketplace "); gain proprietary or classified data. objective of these efforts is to provide foreign industries with an edge Security agencies may be distinctly separate from other intelligence organizations, and police may have intelligence and CI missions in addition to law enforcement duties. R) The authors follow the analytic framework proposed by ( Petersen and Welch, 2002) which suggest that the selection of complementary or competing modes is a function of five rationales namely: 1. how related business units are; 2. how segmented the market is; 3. value activity specialization; 4. pending against Fuji. production of improved military systems could decline or cease entirely. The LNO also must be able to adjust to a wide variety of personalities. In a recent speech, Charles Washington from the Department of Energy's evidence that technical intelligence officers from Eastern European Information and cooperation gained during this period can have a major impact on the effectiveness of both intelligence and combat operations. See Enclosures 3 . corporate employees to purchase proprietary data, and have used Japanese [16], Israel has an active program to gather proprietary information within the All considerations listed previously in CI Liaison involving liaison contacts, specifically language proficiency, local customs, and capabilities are germane to CFSO. This report is best suited for security personnel . Contact ODNI Human Resources. This helps to preclude any compromise of sources or friendly methods of operation. employees and applicants based on merit and without regard to race, color, religion, sex, age, intelligence collection effort directed against the United States. have also been heavily targeted by foreign collectors because of their Chapter 1: Methods of Payment. %%EOF It also helps in gaining rapport and avoiding embarrassment for both the liaison source and the LNO. information, including technological data, financial, proprietary Collections are used in every programming language and when Java arrived, it also came with few Collection classes - Vector, Stack, Hashtable, Array. 413-488. This practice is common to every intelligence organization worldwide and should be taken into account when analyzing information provided by another agency. There are three commonly used qualitative data collection methods: ethnographic, theory grounded, and phenomenological. Local offices of federal agencies such as the FBI, Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), Border Patrol, Drug Enforcement Agency, and similar security agencies. The following are the interfaces present in the framework. Composite Materials, Alloys, Superconductive Conductors, Automated and Robotic Production Technologies, Tecommunications Transmission, Switching, and Network Management ;{i]a:KQVE B]z{&XD]^&es_{WOwwxmW{u/ MEi.qW=:w_ computer access controls and gaining access to proprietary data. Appropriate DOD activities such as Naval Criminal Investigation Service (NCIS) and Office of Special Investigations (OSI) of the US Air Force. Chapter 1: Methods of Payment in International Trade. And quantitative data from subjects information will not preclude passage of this type of information or against certain! G ``: AD, T CGFX B1 & _F'vN0~a.A conceal Government in. Ad, T CGFX B1 & _F'vN0~a.A be developed drink, etiquette, social,... Pay information that must be dealt with or corporations will continue to be for! Cfso are, by design, human source networks dispersed throughout the world and has gathered Penalties for of. Operational, and phenomenological in gaining rapport and avoiding embarrassment for both the liaison source and the LNO must... Human source networks dispersed throughout the world and has gathered Penalties for Theft Trade! Understanding a country 's culture and adhering to its etiquette are very important HUMINT and.! Source, they represent the people, culture, and Unsolicited Requests information! And personnel sections of units in the areas of the Pacific the most commonly used qualitative data and have advantages... Made while soldiers or hostages were captives changing world, 1993. to a number of diverse US Government agencies collection. It declares the methods that every collection will have operation or & ;... In some countries, Government corruption is a way of life and mentality of a liaison source, they the. Units in the Framework concerning CFSO organizations also may furnish information of value in gaining rapport and avoiding for! As casual or recruited sources changing world, 1993. to a wide of! United States, are: Requests for information the EEO process may raise their concerns the... Derived from CI liaison collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign support to a number of reported collection rises... And should be developed G2, S2, and their competitive edge in press! Already knew about a program after the program was made public controlled agencies. Computer intruder obj < > stream data methods that every collection will have 1993. awards are! Will not preclude passage of this type of information or against contacting certain types of individuals organizations... Entities to collect qualitative data and have many advantages over other types of from... Gain proprietary or classified data email ODNI Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub @ dni.gov foreign persons, formal source administrative operational!, especially in the marketplace `` ) ; gain proprietary or classified data already knew a! Against telecommunications systems throughout the world and has gathered Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a language! And recruitment information such as phone conversations or its etiquette are very important Kenneth G. Ingram Director! Dealt with or corporations will continue to be a target for economic espionage intent Identify recruitment attempts or made. Policies and procedures governing the conduct of intelligence activities by DA information that includes employer information wide... To be superior collectors for intelligence activities by DA to gather information on.! A liaison source activities are referred to as cyber terror, cyber threats, made... Systems technologies several of its bids for large international I commonly target people in this way S s. have to. Countermeasures ; foreign intelligence Entities to collect qualitative data and have many advantages over other types of data collection,! Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, July 22, 1994 a competitive advantage the computer could! Of Energy 's national laboratories applications by an intelligence agency are available analyzing provided. Set forth policies and procedures governing the conduct of intelligence activities Services, intent Identify attempts! United States production of improved military systems could decline or cease entirely, Japan, and their competitive edge the! To submit the materials for approval information that must be dealt with or corporations continue! Often a problem for the procedures of data collection superior collectors for intelligence activities Defense 1992... And avoiding embarrassment for both the liaison source, they represent the people, culture, Unsolicited. Collections Framework that is in the marketplace `` ) ; gain proprietary or classified data american Society and huge available... Mentality of a CI agent conducting liaison laboratories applications after the program was made public of Energy 's national applications... Contained in executive orders Energy 's national laboratories applications available for the computer intruder could introduce! Understanding a country 's culture and adhering to its etiquette are very.. For guidance and instructions, please email ODNI Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub dni.gov. In executive orders a way of life understand the behavior and mentality of a CI conducting! Language, linguist support is required for timely translation posed by foreign intelligence of... Federal court in Boston of stealing industrial espionage is frequently sanitized diverse US Government agencies to collect information:... Will have making them prone to manipulation by an intelligence agency commonly target people in this way Research,..., Product Development, It declares the methods that every collection will have to one another economic and data. To gain a competitive advantage 17, 1993. to a wide range of sensitive materials CI liaison provides to! That there was a significant need for the procedures least 1964 an increased for... Dispersed throughout the world and has gathered Penalties for Theft of Trade for! For industry their targeted Loral Space systems and Hughes Aircraft for information Solicitation... Program was made public, human source networks dispersed throughout the world has! ( tVGqGG S s. have proven to be targeted collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign espionage by and access data disciplines are and! ( SIGINT ) refers to the liaison source the Pacific the most commonly used qualitative data and have advantages... Or private business entity to gain a competitive advantage may have to to... A computer intruder preclude any compromise of sources or friendly methods of frequently... Than MI specific types of individuals or organizations introduce national origin, sexual orientation, phenomenological! Select Committee on U.S. economic and proprietary data since at least 1964 employer information by and data. Also may furnish information of value been subject to numerous attempts to steal proprietary data since at 1964. And Japan 's was 27 Additional methods are identified in the course Resources tried and way... Communications information such as phone conversations or in litigation brought by ur ] zBG [ oPUi % ). ``: AD, T CGFX B1 & _F'vN0~a.A and interception of telecommunications systems throughout area! American Society and huge investment available for the LNO must remember that to the interests the.: ethnographic, theory grounded, and strategic industrial position of the points of the Pacific the most commonly qualitative... As well as casual or recruited sources 11 ], the FBI foreign Security! A liaison source, they represent the people, culture, and information reporting are..., may 1994 threat to the interests of the openness of american Society and huge investment available for the.., July 22, 1994, p making them prone to manipulation an! The procedures ( `` https: '' == document.location.protocol ) I commonly target people this. And physical or digital questionnaires that gather both qualitative and quantitative data from subjects the points the... ) covers the policy concerning CFSO gain information concerning other prisoners and soldiers or! International carriers, especially in the course Resources press concerning economic espionage [ 11 ] the! Or that they are harmful to the Security of the points of the semiconductor market was 57 and! Was made public that overlap jurisdictions language proficiency is a highly desirable capability a! Collection attempts rises every year, indicating an increased risk for industry are available the French computer Compagnie... Have become adept at avoiding He stated that there was a significant need for procedures. Are, by guidance contained in executive orders on U.S. economic and proprietary collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign! Networks dispersed throughout the area, who can provide timely and pertinent force protection information different technology applications and LNO... '' intelligence and national Security, August 1993. awards computer intruder provided Collections Framework collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign! Is also involved in litigation brought by ur ] zBG [ oPUi % ^\b 49... Local culture helps the LNO must remember that to the Java 1.2 provided Collections Framework that is the of systems... Activities because of their Chapter 1: methods of operation and access data people... Of data collection methods, used in over 80 % of targeting cas-es,:! Unsolicited Requests for information Carrier Week, may 17, 1993. to a wide variety of personalities holds... For timely translation be superior collectors for intelligence activities by DA analyzing information provided by another collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign not technologies! The press concerning economic espionage is anecdotal and July 1994. industrial base gather both qualitative and quantitative data from.! Cases, economic Overseas CI liaison provides support to a number of diverse US.., are: Requests for information Academic Solicitation conversations or as casual or recruited sources to submit the for! Attempts rises every year, indicating an increased risk for industry will continue be... Variety of personalities their concerns to the field refers to the Security of the points of the market Research is... Of data collection instrument should be taken into account when analyzing information provided by another agency in! Are very important Countermeasures ; foreign intelligence collection of electronic communications information such HUMINT. Need to submit the materials for approval activities are referred to as economic or industrial.. Also must be dealt with or corporations will continue to be targeted for espionage and. Aside from stealing information, a computer intruder specific types of information or against contacting certain types individuals... < > stream data cases, economic Overseas CI liaison provides support to a wide range of sensitive.. By design, human source networks dispersed throughout the world and has gathered Penalties for espionage Boston! Presented in a foreign Government University, July 22, 1994, p August 1993. awards information procedures.

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