The three elements of a basic program for electrical safety are: All portable electric tools that are damaged shall be: If you have a three-prong plug and a two-hole receptacle, it is acceptable to: Use an adapter with an adapter wire connected to known ground. When two by fours are spliced to make a pole, mending plates shall be installed at all splices to develop the full strength of the member. Name the three types of scaffolds and describe their main characteristics A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover: Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spine, muscles, and joints of the trunk. A narrow excavation made below the surface of the ground in which the depth is greater than the width with the width not to exceed 15 feet A scaffold is a temporary structure specifically erected to support access or working platforms. In the case of materials handling, storage, use and disposal, remember that the main hazards are injuries from: Because the number of injuries from operating powered industrial trucks was on the rise, the OSHA standard for Powered Industrial Trucks was revised March 1, 1999. We've encountered a problem, please try again. Scaffolding is a temporary structure that provides support for workers, plants, and materials used in building, construction, maintenance, repair, and demolition work. Forklifts, trucks, similar motor vehicles or add-on motors shall not be used to propel scaffolds unless the scaffold is designed for such propulsion systems. What the percentage of the construction industry that work on scaffold 2.3 million or 65 percent Most scaffolds at jobsites are made of what type of material Aluminum, Steel or less commonly wood D. Stop using the tool, A. . When poles are made of wood, the pole lumber shall be straight-grained, free of shakes, large loose or dead knots, and other defects which might impair strength. Learning Objectives Frames and panels shall be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means. This means that whatever you're working on won't be tilted or sloped in any way. Pole scaffolds over 60 feet in height shall be designed by a registered professional engineer, and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with that design. When only two ropes are used with each float: They shall be arranged so as to provide four ends which are securely fastened to overhead supports. job, and he shouldhis life depends on it. Scaffolds and scaffold components shall be designed by a registered professional engineer and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with such design. You can read the details below. C. Workplace and engineering controls The scaffold assembly must be designed to comply with Local, State and Federal safety requirements. Electricity travels in closed circuits, and its normal route is through a conductor. Outrigger scaffolds are 3 inches or less from the front edge Step 1 Select and prepare the ground area. Always use . Electric shock occurs when: A. Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, by restrained platforms, or by other equivalent means - the erected scaffold must be level, square, and plumb; the working platform must be fully decked; casters shall have rubber or similar resilient tires with wheels having a minimum diameter of 5" all scaffold casters shall . Then a few days before the scaff o l d materials are delivered, make a final jobsite check for the following items. bamboo sticks are still used in some Asian countries to erect large multistory structures. Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that an engineering survey of the structure be conducted by a competent person. The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads of 50 lbs. Cyber Awareness Challenge 2022 Answers And Notes. Personal Fall Arrest System. Each has 3. Scaffolds shall be stabilized to prevent tipping during movement. Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result in death or serious . Runners and bearers must be installed on edge. The circuit becomes part of the conductor Scaffolding tagging is a safety-oriented practice of thoroughly inspecting erected scaffolding systems and subsequent tagging to ensure properly communicated specifications. Boatswains' chair seat slings shall be reeved through four corner holes in the seat; shall cross each other on the underside of the seat; and shall be rigged so as to prevent slippage which could cause an out-of-level condition. This means guardrails, a personal fall arrest system or both, depending on the situation. 6, 1979, as amended at 55 FR 47687, Nov. 14, 1990; 61 FR 46025, Aug. 30, 1996; 85 FR 8736, February 18, 2020], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Each supporting rope shall be hitched around one end of the bearer and pass under the platform to the other end of the bearer where it is hitched again, leaving sufficient rope at each end for the supporting ties. feet in the air to build skyscrapers or repair monuments like the Statue of Liberty. All brace connections must be secured. Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete (i.e. Damaged or deteriorated equipment must not be used USA (v. 2008) 21 Erecting Scaffolding Erect plumb, square and rigid with all brace connections securely fastened USA (v. 2008) 22 Tubular Welded-frame Scaffolds Be sure scaffold stays plumb and level as erection progresses For mobile scaffolds, use a horizontal diagonal brace, for Click here to review the details. (Do not use insulating Styrofoam cups.) A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Vehicles and heavy equipment should always be kept clear of the scaffold base. On scaffolds whose length is less than their height, such bracing shall be installed from the base of the end posts upward to the opposite end posts, and then in alternating directions until reaching the top of the scaffold. When horses are arranged in tiers, each horse shall be placed directly over the horse in the tier below. Your IP: 143.244.138.144, Requested URL: www.concreteconstruction.net/_view-object?id=00000154-24cb-db06-a1fe-77cb16a60000, User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.0.0 Safari/537.36. Scaffolding refers to the plant components and materials that, when assembled, form a scaffold. Plumb and level the scaffold as it is being erected. Protect themselves by wearing the proper PPE Each bracket, at the contact point between the supporting structure and the bottom of the bracket, shall be provided with a shoe (heel block or foot) capable of preventing the lateral movement of the bracket. Platforms shall not be more than 36 inches (0.9 m) wide unless designed by a qualified person to prevent unstable conditions. Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts, and when coupled to the posts, shall have the inboard coupler bear directly on the runner coupler. 5. B. Platforms shall be of the ladder-type, plank-type, beam-type, or light-metal type. The purpose of this survey is: determine the condition of the structure so that measures can be taken, if necessary, to prevent the premature collapse of any portion of the structure. Platforms shall be secured to the brackets in a manner that will prevent the separation of the platforms from the brackets and the movement of the platforms or the brackets on a completed scaffold. Consider printing out and using a scaffolding safety procedures checklist. When the bearers are coupled to the runners, the couplers shall be as close to the posts as possible. The upper tiers shall stand on a continuous row of planks laid across the next lower tier, and shall be nailed down or otherwise secured to prevent displacement. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. proper measures to protect against or prevent accidents and injuries. True or False: There is usually some form of warning before a cave-in. Scaffolds shall be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section, as appropriate. The scaffold must be erected and used in accordance with OSHA regulations. Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that: One of the most important elements of the pre-job planning is: Proper equipment for prompt transportation of an injured worker, as well as a communication system to contact any necessary ambulance service, must be available: A structural material with tensioned steel strands embedded inside, which compress the concrete and give it extra strength. The supporting rope between the scaffold and the suspension device shall be kept vertical unless all of the following conditions are met: The rigging has been designed by a qualified person, and, The scaffold is accessible to rescuers, and, The supporting rope is protected to ensure that it will not chafe at any point where a change in direction occurs, and. A staging area is available. Wood splice plates shall be provided on at least two adjacent sides, and shall extend at least 2 feet (0.6 m) on either side of the splice, overlap the abutted ends equally, and have at least the same cross-sectional areas as the pole. Scaffolds have been around for thousands of years, and there are myriad types and In the United States and Canada, most scaffolds found at jobsites are made of steel, The erection and dismantling of the scaffolds must be done based on the instructions set out in the design drawings. Each bracket, except those for wooden bracket-form scaffolds, shall be attached to the supporting formwork or structure by means of one or more of the following: nails; a metal stud attachment device; welding; hooking over a secured structural supporting member, with the form wales either bolted to the form or secured by snap ties or tie bolts extending through the form and securely anchored; or, for carpenters' bracket scaffolds only, by a bolt extending through to the opposite side of the structure's wall. No Free-standing scaffolds be higher than 4 times the minimum base dimension. C. Both A and B SCAFFOLDS MUST BE ERECTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH DESIGN AND/OR MANUFACTURERS' RECOMMENDATIONS. Add lukewarm water to two plastic cups. 1926.451(a)(1) and (3) TrainingEmployers must train each employee who works on a scaffold on the hazards and the procedures to control the hazards. 1926.452 (c) (4) 1926.452 - Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. Fixed Scaffolding Erection Scaffold must be erected, moved, or disassembled only by and under the supervision of qualied persons. Find a more appropriate tool that doesnt cause debris to fly Every scaffold must be erected by qualified technicians based on the information in the design drawings. Brackets used to support cantilevered loads shall: Be seated with side-brackets parallel to the frames and end-brackets at 90 degrees to the frames; Not be bent or twisted from these positions; and. Because there is always the chance that the wheel wasnt sound and could disintegrate or explode. Bearers shall extend beyond the posts and runners, and shall provide full contact with the coupler. Let us know about it through the REPORT button at the bottom of the page. When wood poles are constructed of two continuous lengths, they shall be joined together with the seam parallel to the bracket. 3. employers in workdays not lost. The scaffold must be plumb, level and squared wi th all brace connections securely fastened. If the use of a power tool can result in flying sparks, metal shavings, wood chips, splashes, or other debris, workers should: Any man-made cavity, depression, trench or cut in the earths surface formed by earth removal. C. Explosives Where wooden poles are spliced, the ends shall be squared and the upper section shall rest squarely on the lower section. Plumb and brace poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights to prevent swaying and displacement. Crossbracing shall be installed between the inner and outer sets of poles on double pole scaffolds. All explosives must be accounted for at all times, and all not being used must be kept in a: OSHAs Hazard Communication Standard (HazCom) is designed to ensure that information about __________and associated protective measures is disseminated. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. ( 1) Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. Is this an exothermic or endothermic process? C. Always use a PFAS when working over an unguarded or uncovered opening more than six feet above a lower level One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings, or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them is a/n ______________: Providing worker training on the safe use of the equipment being operated is the responsibility of the: To protect against caught-in or -between hazards, a worker should not only avoid wearing loose clothing or jewelry, but also a worker should avoid: Performing maintenance or adjustment on equipment/machinery that hasnt been locked-out. There are several important scaffolding design guidelines and safety rules that pertain to working on a scaffold: Guardrails and/or fall arrest systems are mandatory when working over 10 feet up. How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding www.worksafebc.com Select . Smith, Michael Abbott, Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer. Just a few example you can find fast on the interwebs, NFI . Employees working in the vicinity of a crane must take care to avoid what kind of accident? We thoroughly check each answer to a question to provide you with the most correct answers. Scaffold levels used only as a walkway must have what, planking or decking at least 18 inches wide or fall protection must be provided and used, Before builders can permit the use of a scaffold what must be done, Fall protection systems and falling object protection must be installed on any scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level, The most effective protection to shield employees from falling objects is, Installing debris nets, canopies, and screens, Whats the definition of a Supported scaffold. Frames and panels shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or combination thereof, which secure vertical members together laterally. Ladders used to support ladder jacks shall be placed, fastened, or equipped with devices to prevent slipping. Be used only to support personnel, unless the scaffold has been designed for other loads by a qualified engineer and built to withstand the tipping forces caused by those other loads being placed on the bracket-supported section of the scaffold. D. Rope-ladder scaffolds. 10. "Two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds (swing stages)." Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswains chair for the worker to sit in. Resist penetration by objects and absorb the shock of a blow. General. 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